In recent years, the social problems surrounding the global environment have become more and more serious. How to minimize the environmental pollution, destruction, and waste of resources caused by human factors has become an issue that is of great concern to all people and needs to be solved.
With regard to plastic films with a large amount of usage, it is difficult to truly realize the recycling and recycling of waste films because of the variety of types, difficulty in recovery, and economic costs. Therefore, at present, most countries can only adopt the method of incineration, volume reduction, or deep-buried treatment after they are shipped out as ordinary garbage. However, in the course of this process, due to the emission of large amounts of harmful substances such as dioxins or heavy metals, the environmental pollution, especially the production of dioxin-like pollutants, is compelled because of its extreme toxicity. Urgently adopted some countermeasures.
In the waste incineration process, the stage where the most dioxins are easily generated is the initial stage of combustion. This is because at this stage, the route of precursors such as Chlorobevzenz (CB) or Chlrophenol (CP) is generated from the chain hydrocarbons, or the temperature is relatively close to the flue dust collector. In the low area (250-500°C), carbon, chlorine, and other elements are recombined into CB and CP species. Whichever path is followed is due to the incomplete combustion of refuse in the incinerator resulting in the formation of unburned polymeric carbon-like structures (eg, benzene rings). Therefore, how to make the garbage completely and quickly burn completely becomes the key to solving the problem. Japan's Okura Industry Co., Ltd. has developed a new type of plastic film to solve the problem of harmless disposal of plastic waste. It is through the method of adding active iron oxide in the film, utilizing the excellent combustion catalysis of active iron oxide, greatly improving the burning speed of waste plastic garbage and effectively inhibiting the production of dioxin-like harmful substances. Thus known as clean burning plastic film.
Iron oxide, an additive that generates this new type of film, was widely used as a red pigment called “irondan†in ancient times and was widely used to draw murals. Its reserves are extremely rich, its Clark number is 4, and harmless to humans and animals. In the combustion reaction process, as it has a very strong oxidation activity, the effect as a combustion catalyst is quite obvious. There are many types of iron oxide, such as non-magnetic red hematite (α-Fe2O3), yellow goethite (α-FeOOH), magnetic black magnetite (Fe3O4) and brown maghemite (γ-Fe2O3) )Wait.
In order to obtain the best combustion catalytic effect, researchers have done a lot of comparative tests. For example, by burning a thin film of iron oxide with different shapes, different particle diameters, and different surface areas, the difference in burning rate was measured and evaluated using a thermogravimetric method (PG method). If a polyethylene (PE) film with a film weight of 1% of goethite (α-FeOOH) and a PE of the same size and weight without goethite are simultaneously burned in air at a temperature increase rate of 10°C per minute. film. The test results show that the time required for complete combustion of the former is only 1/3 of the latter. Moreover, the test also showed that the goethite (α-FeOOH) with the largest surface area in the shape of a spindle was added to the film, which promoted the rapid combustion performance to be the most prominent.
So, why is active iron oxide (goethite α-FeOOH) capable of facilitating rapid combustion? According to the analysis of high-temperature X-rays and the mechanism of methane oxidation by the Department of Engineering, Tokushima University, Japan, it was inferred from the phenomenon that the change of goethite α-FeOOH to hematite Fe2O3 with different molecular structure was found during the combustion process. The reason for the catalytic function is the result of repeated oxidation and reduction reactions between the highly oxidized trivalent iron oxide and the low-oxidation divalent iron oxide at a high temperature.
Two application examples are given below to illustrate that the use of this technology can effectively reduce the production of dioxins.
Japan's Mitsubishi Heavy Industries Co., Ltd. uses two sets of polyethylene (PE) with a composition of 90% and a film of 10% vinyl resin (PVC) for combustion tests in conveyor belt incinerators. One set of films adds 1% needles. Iron ore (α-FeOOH), while the other group was not added. The incineration temperature was 700°C, and the raw material supply rate was 3 kg/hr. The test results show that the co-added content of the goethite addition (10 ppm) is only 10% of the unadsorbed goethite (125 ppm), which not only greatly improves the combustion efficiency, but also increases the combustion efficiency. The effect of the catalysis was to reduce the mass of dioxins contained in the flue gas emitted from the flue mouth from 12 ng/Nm3 (nanometers per standard cubic meter) to 1.8 ng/Nm3, a 90% reduction.
At the Hiroshima University Faculty of Engineering, the testers collected the combustible garbage collected from the campus and placed them in ordinary polyethylene film trash bags and polyethylene film trash bags with 1% active goethite, and put them in the furnace. Incineration, conduct comparative tests. The test results show that in the entire combustion temperature range, the content of dioxins in the flue gas discharged from the flue gas is about 50 ng/Nm3 lower than the former. Moreover, the concentration of CO is also reduced by 30%, which fully proves that the active goethite has a co-ene function.
When the added goethites have a combustion temperature of 800°C or more, they react with water-soluble zinc, lead, and other heavy metal oxides contained in the garbage to form water-insoluble ferrites. Therefore, they are buried. When the residual ash residue is burned, it can effectively prevent the pollution of the environment due to the dissolution of heavy metals.
At the same time, it is said that this plastic film also has the property of absorbing ultraviolet rays, and therefore it has been widely used as a packaging material in Japan, and the demand for it has increased dramatically. Since its development four years ago, its sales have reached 15 million US dollars. Moreover, the production of such a plastic film does not require the addition of special equipment and can be produced using the existing equipment, and therefore has a wide range of promotional value.
With regard to plastic films with a large amount of usage, it is difficult to truly realize the recycling and recycling of waste films because of the variety of types, difficulty in recovery, and economic costs. Therefore, at present, most countries can only adopt the method of incineration, volume reduction, or deep-buried treatment after they are shipped out as ordinary garbage. However, in the course of this process, due to the emission of large amounts of harmful substances such as dioxins or heavy metals, the environmental pollution, especially the production of dioxin-like pollutants, is compelled because of its extreme toxicity. Urgently adopted some countermeasures.
In the waste incineration process, the stage where the most dioxins are easily generated is the initial stage of combustion. This is because at this stage, the route of precursors such as Chlorobevzenz (CB) or Chlrophenol (CP) is generated from the chain hydrocarbons, or the temperature is relatively close to the flue dust collector. In the low area (250-500°C), carbon, chlorine, and other elements are recombined into CB and CP species. Whichever path is followed is due to the incomplete combustion of refuse in the incinerator resulting in the formation of unburned polymeric carbon-like structures (eg, benzene rings). Therefore, how to make the garbage completely and quickly burn completely becomes the key to solving the problem. Japan's Okura Industry Co., Ltd. has developed a new type of plastic film to solve the problem of harmless disposal of plastic waste. It is through the method of adding active iron oxide in the film, utilizing the excellent combustion catalysis of active iron oxide, greatly improving the burning speed of waste plastic garbage and effectively inhibiting the production of dioxin-like harmful substances. Thus known as clean burning plastic film.
Iron oxide, an additive that generates this new type of film, was widely used as a red pigment called “irondan†in ancient times and was widely used to draw murals. Its reserves are extremely rich, its Clark number is 4, and harmless to humans and animals. In the combustion reaction process, as it has a very strong oxidation activity, the effect as a combustion catalyst is quite obvious. There are many types of iron oxide, such as non-magnetic red hematite (α-Fe2O3), yellow goethite (α-FeOOH), magnetic black magnetite (Fe3O4) and brown maghemite (γ-Fe2O3) )Wait.
In order to obtain the best combustion catalytic effect, researchers have done a lot of comparative tests. For example, by burning a thin film of iron oxide with different shapes, different particle diameters, and different surface areas, the difference in burning rate was measured and evaluated using a thermogravimetric method (PG method). If a polyethylene (PE) film with a film weight of 1% of goethite (α-FeOOH) and a PE of the same size and weight without goethite are simultaneously burned in air at a temperature increase rate of 10°C per minute. film. The test results show that the time required for complete combustion of the former is only 1/3 of the latter. Moreover, the test also showed that the goethite (α-FeOOH) with the largest surface area in the shape of a spindle was added to the film, which promoted the rapid combustion performance to be the most prominent.
So, why is active iron oxide (goethite α-FeOOH) capable of facilitating rapid combustion? According to the analysis of high-temperature X-rays and the mechanism of methane oxidation by the Department of Engineering, Tokushima University, Japan, it was inferred from the phenomenon that the change of goethite α-FeOOH to hematite Fe2O3 with different molecular structure was found during the combustion process. The reason for the catalytic function is the result of repeated oxidation and reduction reactions between the highly oxidized trivalent iron oxide and the low-oxidation divalent iron oxide at a high temperature.
Two application examples are given below to illustrate that the use of this technology can effectively reduce the production of dioxins.
Japan's Mitsubishi Heavy Industries Co., Ltd. uses two sets of polyethylene (PE) with a composition of 90% and a film of 10% vinyl resin (PVC) for combustion tests in conveyor belt incinerators. One set of films adds 1% needles. Iron ore (α-FeOOH), while the other group was not added. The incineration temperature was 700°C, and the raw material supply rate was 3 kg/hr. The test results show that the co-added content of the goethite addition (10 ppm) is only 10% of the unadsorbed goethite (125 ppm), which not only greatly improves the combustion efficiency, but also increases the combustion efficiency. The effect of the catalysis was to reduce the mass of dioxins contained in the flue gas emitted from the flue mouth from 12 ng/Nm3 (nanometers per standard cubic meter) to 1.8 ng/Nm3, a 90% reduction.
At the Hiroshima University Faculty of Engineering, the testers collected the combustible garbage collected from the campus and placed them in ordinary polyethylene film trash bags and polyethylene film trash bags with 1% active goethite, and put them in the furnace. Incineration, conduct comparative tests. The test results show that in the entire combustion temperature range, the content of dioxins in the flue gas discharged from the flue gas is about 50 ng/Nm3 lower than the former. Moreover, the concentration of CO is also reduced by 30%, which fully proves that the active goethite has a co-ene function.
When the added goethites have a combustion temperature of 800°C or more, they react with water-soluble zinc, lead, and other heavy metal oxides contained in the garbage to form water-insoluble ferrites. Therefore, they are buried. When the residual ash residue is burned, it can effectively prevent the pollution of the environment due to the dissolution of heavy metals.
At the same time, it is said that this plastic film also has the property of absorbing ultraviolet rays, and therefore it has been widely used as a packaging material in Japan, and the demand for it has increased dramatically. Since its development four years ago, its sales have reached 15 million US dollars. Moreover, the production of such a plastic film does not require the addition of special equipment and can be produced using the existing equipment, and therefore has a wide range of promotional value.
Table of intent, refers exclusively for the table to eat with. Material can be divided into wood tables, wood tables, marble dining table, marble dining table, marble coffee table, dining table jade, jade dining table, jade coffee table, marble dining table.
Round table
Roundtable if the living room, dining room furniture is square or rectangular, round table diameter increments from 150mm. In most small and medium housing, as with a diameter of 1200mm table, too often too large, it can be customized a diameter of 1140mm the round table, the same can sit 8-9 people, but it looks more spacious space. If the diameter of 900mm above table, although people can sit, but too much should not be placed fixed chair. As the diameter of 1200mm table, put 8 chairs, very crowded. 4-6 can put chairs. In people for a long time, and then folding chairs, folding chairs in storage compartment collection.
Rectangular table
760mmx760mm square table square table and rectangular tables 1070mmx760mm is a common table size. If the chair can be inserted into Zhuodi, even a small corner, you can put a six-seater dining table, dinner, only the need to pull out some of the table on it. 760mm width is standard size table, at least not less than 700mm, otherwise, due to the table when sitting too narrow feet touch each other. Table legs preferably shrink in the middle, if four legs arranged in the four corners, very inconvenient. Table height is generally 710mm, with 415mm seat height. Be lower desktop, when dining, food on the table can be seen more clearly.Marble Dining Tables, Plywood Dining Table, Modern Dining Table and Chairs, Tables and Chairs for Restaurants
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