L-arabinose is a sugar substance composed of polysaccharides such as arabinan, arabinoxylan, etc. It is widely present in nature as the main component of hemicellulose such as cereals. Reports on various animals as research objects indicate that L-arabinose, which is a simple sugar, has a high-quality sweet taste very similar to sucrose, but it is an indigestible sugar that is difficult to be absorbed by the small intestine. It has been reported that as a physiological function of L-arabinose, its inhibitory effect on most saccharolytic enzymes such as α-amylase and maltase is not obvious, but it can strongly inhibit the small intestinal sucrase and specifically inhibit sucrose. Increase in blood sugar caused by load. Therefore, L-arabinose can be expected to suppress the rapid increase in blood sugar after ingesting sucrose-containing foods without inhibiting the digestion and absorption of the ingested sucrose, and to suppress obesity caused by sucrose. As a general property of water-soluble dietary fiber, it can directly reach the cecum and colon without being decomposed in the small intestine, and here it functions as a fermentation substrate to promote intestinal fermentation and produce a large amount of short-chain fatty acids.
This article is a study on the final effect on human body after adding L-arabinose to sucrose, which lays the foundation for the wider application of L-arabinose in health food and other fields in the future.
Feed preparation and animal testing
L-arabinose (purity 99.5%,), alpha corn starch is provided by Sanhe Starch Industry. In Test I, the carbohydrates in the feed were alpha corn starch (35.85%) and sucrose (20%), 5% cellulose was added to the control group, and 1% and 2.5% L-arabinose groups were added respectively. Add 4% and 2.5% cellulose (Table 1). In Experiment II, in order to eliminate the effect of sucrose, only corn starch (55.85%) was used as the sugar source, and 2.5% arabinose was added.
In Test I, rats (male, 5-week-old Wistar rats) were pre-fed for 5 days. According to the requirement of equal body weight, they were divided into 3 groups, and 3 kinds of test feeds were used to feed them for 10, 20 and 30 days respectively. The feeding conditions are 23 ± 1 ° C, and light and dark are alternated every 12 hours (lighting 7: 00-19: 00) to allow rats to ingest feed and water freely. The animals were fasted for 12 hours from 22:00 on the day of the end of the rearing, and then the body weight was measured. Anesthetize with pentobarbital, open the abdomen, collect blood from the heart, and separate the serum. The liver, cecum, and body adipose tissue (posterior abdominal wall adipose tissue and epididymal adipose tissue) were taken out, and the weight was measured. No organic acid analysis was performed, and the cecum (including contents) was stored at -20 ° C.
Experimental results
1. Inhibition of sucrase by L-arabinose
The inhibition rate of L-arabinose on sucrose activity at a concentration of 5 mm was 86%, and the inhibition rate at a concentration of 33 mm was 99%. It can be confirmed that L-arabinose has a strong inhibitory effect on sucrase activity.
2. The effect of L-arabinose combined with sucrose on rat serum lipid, adipose tissue weight, cecum weight and cecum organic acid content
(1) Influence on growth and organ weight
In terms of the amount of weight gain of animals in each group during the feeding period, there was no difference between the 1% L-arabinose group and the control group, while the weight gain of the 2.5% L-arabinose group had decreased on the 10th day. On the 20th day, it still showed a decreasing trend, and the weight gain on the 30th day was significantly lower than that of the control group (Table 2).
Table 3 shows the liver weight, cecum weight, posterior abdominal wall fat tissue weight and epididymal fat tissue weight per 100 g body weight. On the 20th day, the liver weight of the L-arabinose administration group was lighter, but there was no difference on the 30th day. It can be observed that the weight of the posterior abdominal wall fat decreases depending on the amount of L-arabinose administered, and the weight of the posterior abdominal wall fat in the 2.5% L-arabinose group was significantly lighter throughout the test period. On day 30, the weight of epididymal fat in the 2.5% L-arabinose group decreased significantly. In terms of cecum weight (including cecum sac and cecum contents), the weight of cecum increased significantly with the addition of L-arabinose, even in the 1% Tang and Tang L-arabinose groups, the above can be observed from day 10 The increase phenomenon, and the 2.5% L-arabinose group significantly increased to more than twice the subject group during the entire test period.
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