Reasonable specimen collection is critical to ensure the integrity of the specimen and the accuracy of the qualitative/quantitative detection of the nucleic acid. Specimens should be collected in strict accordance with appropriate biosafety guidelines. Unsuitable specimen processing can lead to nucleic acid degradation and erroneous patient test results.
1. Specimen identification Specimen collection should identify the patient's identity and its specimens, and fully respect the patient's privacy. At the same time, medical personnel should be provided with reasonable and sufficient information related to detection and treatment. Specimens should be firmly labeled, including at least: identification number, date and time of collection, name of specimen collector, source of specimen, etc.
2. The application form information includes at least the following information: unique identification number, admission registration number, patient name, date of birth, gender, ethnicity, date of collection, type of specimen, relevant clinical and laboratory information, doctor's name, specimen Department of collection, reason for testing application, etc.
3. Specimen collection When collecting human tissue or body fluid specimens, follow the relevant safety precautions, wear gloves, prevent the spread of blood-borne pathogens in the specimens, and prevent the specimens from being contaminated by the exfoliated cells of the treated personnel. Specific testing methods may require additional precautions and collection instructions, such as HPV testing to collect cervical specimens prior to the acetic acid test. When the laboratory uses different detection methods, potential interference and sources of contamination should be considered, and the clinician should be properly instructed and trained to collect according to the specimen collection requirements of the specific method or detection system. After receiving the specimen, the clinical laboratory should input the specimen information into the laboratory information system (LIS) as soon as possible, and the received specimen should be processed as soon as possible. If the specimen is in the form of hemolysis, frozen blood or improper labeling, it should be considered rejected.
4. Anticoagulants Blood and bone marrow aspiration (BMA) specimens should be collected using appropriate anticoagulation tubes or tubes containing other additives. The choice of test tube additives should be based on the type of analyte, the test, and the amount of the sample. Studies have shown that heparin and heme may inhibit the PCR reaction. Therefore, it is recommended to use EDTA and ACD anticoagulants to detect plasma or bone marrow puncture specimens. If measured as intracellular RNA, the device that collects blood or bone marrow should contain an RNA stabilizer or add an RNA stabilizing solution immediately after collection.
5. Tissue specimens If blood or oral mucosal cells (such as patient death) are not available, or if the genotype of the tissue specimen is different from blood or oral mucosal cells, or is organized as the sole source of certain potentially infectious nucleic acids, tissue specimens may be used. . Usually the optimal amount of tissue is 1-2 g, but the amount of tissue collected varies from tissue to tissue due to the amount of DNA and RNA contained in various tissues. Multicellular tissues such as bone marrow, lymph nodes, and spleen are suitable for genomic DNA detection and require less tissue. Small cell specimens such as muscle, fiber, and adipose tissue are not the best sources of genomic DNA, and the amount collected is preferably greater than 1-2 g. Generally, if there is no extensive fat infiltration, more than 10 mg of tissue will obtain at least 10 μg of RNA or DNA. The amount and type of protein varies from tissue to tissue, and nucleic acid isolation methods vary from tissue to tissue. Separate DNA or RNA according to manufacturer's recommendations, according to the organization of the particular source.
Pathologists typically take a representative portion of tissue from a large piece of tissue for fixation, staining, microscopy, and pathology, or select a representative tissue to extract DNA or RNA for molecular analysis. The lesion tissue was generally selected for detection and non-focal tissue as a control. Control tissue is critical for certain molecular assays, such as heterozygous deletion assays or microsatellite instability assays.
1. Specimen identification Specimen collection should identify the patient's identity and its specimens, and fully respect the patient's privacy. At the same time, medical personnel should be provided with reasonable and sufficient information related to detection and treatment. Specimens should be firmly labeled, including at least: identification number, date and time of collection, name of specimen collector, source of specimen, etc.
2. The application form information includes at least the following information: unique identification number, admission registration number, patient name, date of birth, gender, ethnicity, date of collection, type of specimen, relevant clinical and laboratory information, doctor's name, specimen Department of collection, reason for testing application, etc.
3. Specimen collection When collecting human tissue or body fluid specimens, follow the relevant safety precautions, wear gloves, prevent the spread of blood-borne pathogens in the specimens, and prevent the specimens from being contaminated by the exfoliated cells of the treated personnel. Specific testing methods may require additional precautions and collection instructions, such as HPV testing to collect cervical specimens prior to the acetic acid test. When the laboratory uses different detection methods, potential interference and sources of contamination should be considered, and the clinician should be properly instructed and trained to collect according to the specimen collection requirements of the specific method or detection system. After receiving the specimen, the clinical laboratory should input the specimen information into the laboratory information system (LIS) as soon as possible, and the received specimen should be processed as soon as possible. If the specimen is in the form of hemolysis, frozen blood or improper labeling, it should be considered rejected.
4. Anticoagulants Blood and bone marrow aspiration (BMA) specimens should be collected using appropriate anticoagulation tubes or tubes containing other additives. The choice of test tube additives should be based on the type of analyte, the test, and the amount of the sample. Studies have shown that heparin and heme may inhibit the PCR reaction. Therefore, it is recommended to use EDTA and ACD anticoagulants to detect plasma or bone marrow puncture specimens. If measured as intracellular RNA, the device that collects blood or bone marrow should contain an RNA stabilizer or add an RNA stabilizing solution immediately after collection.
5. Tissue specimens If blood or oral mucosal cells (such as patient death) are not available, or if the genotype of the tissue specimen is different from blood or oral mucosal cells, or is organized as the sole source of certain potentially infectious nucleic acids, tissue specimens may be used. . Usually the optimal amount of tissue is 1-2 g, but the amount of tissue collected varies from tissue to tissue due to the amount of DNA and RNA contained in various tissues. Multicellular tissues such as bone marrow, lymph nodes, and spleen are suitable for genomic DNA detection and require less tissue. Small cell specimens such as muscle, fiber, and adipose tissue are not the best sources of genomic DNA, and the amount collected is preferably greater than 1-2 g. Generally, if there is no extensive fat infiltration, more than 10 mg of tissue will obtain at least 10 μg of RNA or DNA. The amount and type of protein varies from tissue to tissue, and nucleic acid isolation methods vary from tissue to tissue. Separate DNA or RNA according to manufacturer's recommendations, according to the organization of the particular source.
Pathologists typically take a representative portion of tissue from a large piece of tissue for fixation, staining, microscopy, and pathology, or select a representative tissue to extract DNA or RNA for molecular analysis. The lesion tissue was generally selected for detection and non-focal tissue as a control. Control tissue is critical for certain molecular assays, such as heterozygous deletion assays or microsatellite instability assays.
Fulike Houseware&Gifts Co.,Ltd. , https://www.cnfulike.com