The continuous maturity of high-definition television technology has injected vitality into the sustainable development of the broadcasting industry. Many domestic TV stations have begun to try to turn the dream of HDTV into reality. Full HD live broadcast will undoubtedly become the quality of all TV people for HDTV. High quality requirements and an important new level of TV broadcast technology. The Cree Crazy N&W EFP-410 HD Mobile Studio is designed to meet the full imagination of TV people for live broadcasts, and is powerful enough to be a small studio.
First, the design idea of ​​Cree Crazy N&W EFP-410 HD mobile studio
The production of high-definition TV programs is still in its infancy in China. The current TV production and broadcast are still based on SD programs, and HD and SD will coexist for a long time in the future. Therefore, any pure HD production system will consider the production of HD and SD programming. On the one hand, it can maximize the protection of investment and extend the effective use period of the equipment; on the other hand, it can also meet the broadcast of the current program. Requires to provide users with high quality standard definition TV program signals.
Second, the signal flow of Cree Crazy N&W EFP-410 HD mobile studio
A simple example is given to illustrate the composition of the entire mobile studio system.
The main equipment of the video system is: 8 HD cameras, 1 multi-function HD subtitle machine, a Cree Crazy N&W EFP-410 HD mobile studio, and a 16×16 multi-format matrix.
The signal flow is described as follows:
1. HD main signal
The high-definition camera signal and the high-definition subtitle signal directly enter the multi-format switcher, and the SD input signal can also be sent to the guide station. The PGM signal output by the HD guide station is the HD main channel signal.
2. HD backup signal
The output signals of the HD camera and HD subtitle machine are sent to a 16×16 multi-format matrix, and the output is used as a HD standby signal.
3. Audio embedding
The HD main circuit and the standby signal are respectively embedded in the digital audio signal after being switched by the 2×1 switch, and sent to the output end.
Third, the main equipment
1. Panasonic AV-HS410 switcher
Cost-effective, all-in-one scalable 1ME video switcher with enhanced user interface and software development kit (SDK)
HD / SD multi-format
Small size
Standard 9 inputs, up to 13 inputs
New storage features and a variety of high quality effects
Advanced live broadcast operation
Built-in frame synchronizer for all input channels
All input channels have a built-in frame synchronizer for switching unsynchronized video signals.
The sync function also supports system synchronization (black or tri-level sync) with an external sync signal.
Upconverter, point-to-point function and video processing
The AV-HS410 features a 4-input SD/HD upconverter function and a point-to-point function for 8 inputs. The point-to-point function enables the display of the standard-definition picture in the high-definition image when the picture-in-picture is displayed. Video processing with color correction is also available for 8 inputs.
4-way AUX busbar and 2 picture-in-picture busbars
Four 4-way Aux busbars and two picture-in-picture busbars are available. You can apply border and softening effects to the PiP bus. In addition to the straight cut, the bus conversion function (PIP bus and Aux bus switching effect) can also implement Mix conversion (AUX 1 only). Flexible operation through the combination of Aux bus and M/E.
Multi-function transitions and effects
In addition to standard wipe, aliasing and straight cut, it also includes two channels of DVE transition modes such as compression, sliding, squeezing and 3D wipe.
2 input video storage functions
Still or moving images can be saved in the video storage and selected as busbar footage. Dynamic pictures can be recorded and played back by keying signals (maximum speed is approximately 20 seconds / 600 frames, 59.94i). Dynamic images and still images can also be transferred from an SDHC/SD memory card or PC via a local area network.
SDHC/SD memory card slot
Video storage, effect storage, timeline storage, and setup data can be saved on an SDHC/SD memory card.
Primatte® High Quality Chroma Key
Linear, luminance, and chroma keys are available. The Chroma Key uses Primatech® high-quality chroma key technology, which is widely used as a plug-in for nonlinear editors. The real-time processing capabilities of the AV-HS410 enable the same outstanding Primatete® image quality for movies, TV shows, music TV and commercial production worldwide. The superior blue-spill processing capability reproduces translucent objects (such as thin clothes and glass) and extremely fine objects (such as a strand of hair). A DSK channel is also provided to add borders, shadows and other edge effects.
Effect storage (shot memory)
This feature supports storage of up to 100 image effects (such as background transition mode, in-picture size, and border width) for instant inspection. The AV-HS410's effect fade-in function can smoothly switch from the current image to one of the images or operations in the effect storage.
Timeline storage
The timeline storage function records up to 64 images recorded in the effect storage in order for immediate inspection. This makes it easy and smooth to achieve expressive continuous effects. Up to 100 timeline storage can be recorded.
New storage preview
New features can preview the effect storage (shot memory) and timeline storage content. It can easily confirm the image effect while broadcasting using this 1M/E switcher. This feature is especially convenient for on-site operation
Equipped with 7-inch multi-function color LCD monitor
7-inch (178 mm) color LCD monitor with WVGA (800x480) resolution. With multiple display modes, including setup menus, image monitoring, and waveforms/vectors. Multi-window display and storage preview are also supported. The AV-HS410 is comfortable to operate and does not require viewing multiple displays in different locations.
Enhanced multi-screen display
The multi-screen display partitions the screen to display previews, shows, and all source images on one screen. It can divide the screen into four display modes of 4/5/6/9/10/16. Input signal names, audio levels, and 4:3 flags are also available at each display time.
Easy to use panel structure
A total of 12 straight-cut keys (up to 22 shifting functions by page turning) in bus A and bus B, respectively, enable direct control through this simple panel structure. Function settings and confirmation are quickly and intuitively achieved through the matrix menu and rotary switch of the LCD monitor. Multiple functions can also be assigned to 8 user buttons for one-touch operation. The simplicity of this operation enables the speed and accuracy of live broadcast work.
The multi-format matrix is ​​16×16.
2. HD camera
The camera is a SONY HDC-1580 HD studio camera with a 2.2 megapixel FIT Power HAD CCD for 12-bit A/D conversion, support for 1080/50i format production, and support for 16:9/4:3 conversion. The sensitivity reaches F10, the signal-to-noise ratio is 54dB, the horizontal resolution is 1000 lines, the modulation depth is 45% in the horizontal direction, and the tailing level is -135dB. Use a Memory Stick to store setup files and scene files with multi-zone color matrix, adaptive high-brightness control, three-channel skin detail correction, knee saturation control, and dark saturation control. The camera control unit can provide 4 sets of HD-SDI/SD-SDI signals and analog component and analog composite signal outputs.
3. HD captioning machine
The dual high-definition subtitle machine adopts the main and auxiliary modes for normal work, that is, the two subtitle machines can respectively complete the subtitles of different functions, and use a subtitle machine to superimpose the subtitles through the high-definition key controller in the emergency state of the switchboard failure.
4. Synchronization system
There are two types of synchronization reference signals used in high-definition systems, one is a high-definition dedicated three-level sync signal, and the other is a BB (BlackBurst) signal. Most of the early HD products only accepted the three-level sync signal, but most of the high-definition devices produced in recent years are equipped with the BB sync input interface. The synchronization system uses an automatic switching system consisting of dual synchronous machines to synchronize the entire system in BB mode.
5. Monitoring system
When making different TV programs, choose NW-170HD HD monitor to arrange different layouts and quantity of pictures to facilitate the monitoring of the source and output screens. The display and monitor can be set up for group control.
6.TALLY system
By driving the TALLY output of the switcher to drive the TALLY controller, the Tally indicator light and the camera indicator light of the DS-10 (DS-20) can be switched, so that the director can be more intuitive when switching the video wall screen. At the same time, it provides prompt information to help the camera to understand the switching status of the guide. The display of TALLY can be adjusted at any time. Supports two-color TALLY and provides color indication in normal and pre-selected two different states.
Fourth, the satisfaction of the live broadcast requirements
The broadcast television dictionary defines the live broadcast as "the simultaneous broadcast and broadcast mode of the broadcast TV program." According to the broadcast occasion, it can be divided into live broadcast and broadcast studio or studio live broadcast.
The live broadcast of the TV is “the way to broadcast and broadcast TV programs at the same time as the event occurs and develops. It is a broadcast method that fully reflects the advantages of broadcasting and television media.†The broadcast is broadcast by radio stations and TV stations. A program on a radio or television station. Sometimes it is synchronous broadcast, sometimes it is delayed broadcast.
As a TV broadcast, it will undoubtedly respond to all kinds of live TV requirements. In the technical support of the live broadcast system, the security level of the system needs to be raised to a level that is foolproof. In this respect, the system is based on the following design to achieve security and emergency:
System safety and reliability = safety and reliability of the system control part + safety and reliability of the equipment / number of equipment in the system + safety and reliability of the emergency standby system. Therefore, for safety reasons, in addition to selecting the most reliable equipment, the total amount of equipment used in the system should be minimized.
The system security bottleneck is handled in the following ways:
1. Broaden (redundancy), configure an emergency switching system with matrix as the core, and provide multiple backup channels;
2. Bypass, since this method is only applicable to devices with this function, it is considered together when selecting the device;
3, jumper, it can be said that the jumper is the last way to solve all emergency problems, so the system should be designed to ensure that the system has enough jumpers to deal with various foreseeable and unforeseen problems.
(1) With reference to the current security requirements of major domestic and international TV stations for live broadcast systems, there are emergency plans for all single-point first-time faults.
(2) All devices on the main channel are configured in a dual power chassis.
(3) All emergency operations can be completed in a simple manner.
High-definition TV is the high-end development direction of digital TV. Only by adapting to the trend of technology development will we have the opportunity to seize the commanding heights of future TV development. But at the same time, we should also realize that the construction of HD studio is a complex system engineering, which involves many aspects such as equipment investment, operating cost, technical training, personnel quality, market demand and so on. Each TV station should look for the best entry point into the high-definition field according to its actual situation, and gradually transition from post-production to full HD broadcast.
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