In order to meet the growing spiritual and cultural needs of the public, China ’s publishing and printing industry has developed strongly, with the number and variety of book publications increasing year after year. There are 171,000 titles of various publications in 2002 and approximately 190,000 titles in 2003. The requirements are getting higher and higher. In order to meet the needs of book publishing, the printing industry has greatly improved its printing technology and production capacity. Some large enterprises have added new equipment, introduced new processes and new materials, which have shortened the book publishing cycle, improved book printing, The quality of the framing has greatly contributed.
Despite this, the quality of book printing is still not optimistic, especially the problem of binding quality needs to be solved urgently. This article would like to make a preliminary discussion and analysis on the current common binding quality problems.
The current status of book binding quality
In order to ensure the quality of books, on the one hand, the relevant quality inspection departments require major book printing companies to submit books for inspection on time. On the one hand, the national book quality inspection department directly conducts spot checks from the market to understand the quality of book printing. Judging from the inspection results of the Printing Products Supervision and Inspection Center of the General Administration of Press and Publication, the current overall quality level of books in China is not high, and there are many problems in terms of text accuracy, printing ink color, and binding quality. Reports on opening pages and missing posts.
Among the books with quality problems, more than 60% of the products are inferior in quality due to the post-press binding problem, such as folds in the folding pages; mismatched posts, string posts, multiple posts, and few posts in the page; glue binding appears Dropped pages, uneven back of book, gang lines; curled cover, unglued and wrinkled film; warped hardcover case, etc. It can be seen from this that the problem of binding is hindering the quality of books, and it also reflects that China's current level of post-press binding is relatively lagging behind.
Analysis of binding quality problems
There are reasons for the quality problems in book binding, and most of them are caused by the unreasonable and unscientific cooperation between publishers and printing companies, the management and technology of printing companies.
1. The book publishing cycle is unscientific
Market competition is becoming fiercer, as is the book market. In order to seize market share, publishers have shortened the book publishing cycle indefinitely, especially in the printing and binding stages, and some even require one or two days to get books. Publishing books in such a short period of time, naturally, cannot be done with precision, and can only reduce or shorten the processing of some processes. For example, paperback books start to be collated without the bundling of pages; color printed sheets start to fold without ink. Page matching; cut the cover if the curing time is not enough. Such a production method prevents books and periodicals from being carried out according to normal operating procedures; employees who are tired of working overtime to meet deadlines will naturally have more quality problems. This also reflects that some publishers are eager to make quick gains, only paying attention to the economic benefits of publishing houses, and not paying attention to the quality of printing and binding.
2. Improper use of materials
In order to reduce costs, on the one hand, publishers use low-cost paper with rough surfaces, inconsistent whiteness, dusting and fluffing, and even some coated paper has blistered and layered; on the other hand, it has lowered the labor cost and squeezed the meager profits of printing and binding. In order to survive, some printing and binding companies have to buy inferior binding materials or unsuitable materials, which leads to book binding quality problems. For example, because the quality of the adhesive does not meet the standards or the glue is not used according to the seasons, the adhesive of the coated paper and the common paper is mixed, etc., resulting in frequent failures such as loose book pages.
3. Poor equipment and irregular manual operation
Due to the large number of equipment involved in the binding process, general enterprises, especially small township binding enterprises, are simply unable to configure all the equipment. Many processes are still completed by manual operation or equipment with a very low degree of automation. The operation is not standardized and there are too many variables. Causes binding quality problems. If the four-folded hand-folding is not broken, the eight-fold wrinkle will occur; the unevenness of the hand-locking thread will cause the quality problem of the book block; some bookbinding factories do not have a three-sided knife, use a large knife to cut the book, and break the back of the book; the hardcover does not need a mold It is difficult to guarantee the quality and consistency of the product by rolling the back round by hand.
4. The quality of workers is low and the technical level is uneven
Except for some large-scale printing enterprises, many small and medium-sized printing enterprises do not do binding themselves, and most of them are completed by private enterprises in towns and townships, making post-press binding an intensive process with low output value, low profit, and high labor intensity. The workers of these enterprises have low cultural quality and lack of formal training; second, they do not pay attention to product quality. In addition, there are many manual procedures in bookbinding. To come up with a good job, you must have certain operating experience to reach a higher technical level. However, there are small-sized binding companies. Due to low pay and high staff mobility, a large number of new recruits learn from scratch every year. There is no continuity in technology and quality is naturally not guaranteed. [next]
5. Poor production environment
In the printing industry, everyone knows that the pre-press working environment is the best, followed by the printing workshop, the binding production environment is the worst, and the production environment of the individual township binding enterprises is even worse. Some binding factories are set in simple adobe houses, and some are even semi-open; and most of the factories do not have heating in winter and require coal-fired stoves. Such conditions cannot guarantee the quality of products at all.
6. Inadequate management
Enterprises lack a complete quality management system, and they lack effective monitoring mechanisms. In order to save money, some enterprises are reluctant to set up full-time quality inspection personnel and purchase the equipment they should have, nor to improve the existing labor environment. Enterprises lack professional technical training and quality education for employees.
7. Low labor cost
As some publishers have repeatedly lowered the cost of printing and binding, the profit margin of enterprises has been steadily decreasing, and some even only protect the capital, which has brought a vicious circle to the quality of binding. One is that the enterprise has no money to invest in equipment and improve the working environment; the second is that the enterprise does not choose suitable binding materials to reduce costs; the third is the low income of workers, the lack of labor enthusiasm and initiative, and the unstable workforce.
Measures to improve the binding quality
In order to improve the quality of book binding, make the publishing and printing industry develop healthily, and provide readers with high-quality spiritual and cultural products, the printing and binding industry should start with the relevant parties and try to improve the quality of binding after recognizing the problem.
1. Attach importance to the binding process
Quality is the life of an enterprise. It runs through every production link. To improve and ensure product quality, the person in charge of the enterprise must first attach great importance to closely integrate product quality with the survival and benefits of the enterprise. If the binding quality is improved, the overall quality of the book will be greatly improved. Secondly, we must pay close attention to the training, education and management of employees, and formulate a complete and effective quality management system to enable employees to truly achieve quality in my heart and benefit in my hands. I recognize the importance of product quality and will really improve Quality is the top priority of enterprise management.
2. Pay attention to science
Book binding has its own characteristics. If you violate the binding rules in your work, you will naturally not achieve the quality you deserve. For example, the four-folded page must be broken, and the air must be released to make the signature uniform, and the thickness of the finished product is uniform; thick paper above 70g / m2 can only be folded three or two, to ensure the alignment of the page number and the alignment of the page image; Folded signatures must be bundled and pressed before they can be collated; coated paper color pages must be dried thoroughly before folding, collating, and cutting, otherwise the graphics will stick; the laminated products must be compacted and cured after a certain period of time; hardcover The cover of the book should be dried naturally and not artificially dried. Not talking about scientific violations of operation regulations and not paying attention to small links in production is the main reason for product quality problems. In addition, in terms of processing time, printing and packaging enterprises should consult with publishers according to their specific processes and clearly indicate the quality problems that may be caused due to insufficient time, in order to obtain a more ample processing time to ensure the quality of the binding.
3. Use high-quality and suitable binding materials
In binding materials, high-quality materials should be used as much as possible, which is the basic guarantee of product quality. There are many ways and methods to reduce costs, and it should not be reduced to materials, otherwise publishers rejecting products or lowering prices to receive goods will also cause greater losses to printing and printing enterprises.
4. Increase equipment investment and improve production environment
There are many binding equipment, binding enterprises can do their best, but should use professional equipment in the main and key processes. In this way, not only the production efficiency is high, but also the products are standardized and unified. For example, many binding factories have switched to folding machines now. In fact, in the long run, they are not high compared to labor costs, and the quality of folding thick paper, folding color pages, and rolling folding pages is better than manual folding. In addition, the improvement of the working environment can play a multiplier effect in improving the quality of post-press processed products.
In fact, there are many reasons that affect the quality of binding, and there are many factors. As long as we grasp the main links, focus on key technologies, and start from a small place, we will definitely greatly improve the current book quality. I hope that each of our companies and employees can really attach importance to the quality of binding, and discuss and solve the problem of book binding in a down-to-earth manner, so as to provide readers with more and more exquisite spiritual and cultural products.
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