Scientists observe the first particles in the world's largest collider
Scientists observed the first particles in the Large Hadron Collider (LHC). The European Nuclear Research Organization will officially launch the full-scale experiment of the Large Hadron Collider on September 10, hoping to use this world ’s largest collider to uncover the mysteries of the origin of the universe.
The Large Hadron Collider, located 100 meters deep underground near Geneva, is scheduled to fully activate its particle beam on September 10, but until then, the Large Hadron Collider ’s particle detector has been recording from The impact of cosmic rays, and, at 5 pm on August 22, 2008, scientists saw it in its "Vertex Locator" (VELO) during the LHCb test as one of the four experiments of the Large Hadron Collider. The trajectories of the first particles produced by the Large Hadron Collider.
This is the first particle trajectory produced by a large hadron collider man-made event. Scientists made this major discovery during the simultaneous testing of particle accelerators, when the particles happened to pass through the shorter part of the LHC accelerator with a circumference of 27 kilometers.
The LHC synchronous test collided a particle beam with an absorber weighing 28 tons, 200 meters away from LHCb, to generate a large number of particles. Some of these particles reached the LHCb's experimental field, allowing a team of scientists to observe the trajectories of these particles. The Large Hadron Collider has four detectors. On August 22, only the LHCb vertex positioning detector was activated. This first batch of particle trajectories was discovered by this vertex positioning detector. With the great success of this test, the particle accelerator caused the particle beam to collide with this absorber again on the morning of August 24, fully reflecting the detection capabilities of the vertex positioning detector. Themis Bowcock, the project leader of the vertex positioning detector and a professor at the University of Liverpool, said: "This achievement of the LHCb vertex positioning detector-the construction of the first particles in the Large Hadron Collider The trajectory is a testament to the hard work and selfless dedication of the team of scientists, who have been building this detector for more than a decade. "
The vertex positioning detector is an accurate particle tracking detector, which surrounds the point where the proton hits the proton in the LHCb experiment. Its core device is 84 half-moon-shaped silicon sensors, and each sensor is connected to its electronic instrument through a precision system constructed of 5,000 strands of wire. These sensors are very close to the colliding particle beam-they will play an important role in detecting B quark particles and will help scientists understand the small but crucial differences between the behavior of matter and antimatter.
Dr. Chris Parkes, a professor at the University of Glasgow, the project leader of the vertex positioning detector and coordinator of the vertex positioning detector software, said: "The team of scientists saw the batch within a few seconds after the test began. Particles, they are the first impact. This indicates that the future experiments to explore the differences in the behavior of matter and antimatter can be completed well. "
Dr. Eddy Jans, Coordinator of the Vertex Positioning Detector Committee from the Nikhef organization, said: "We have been preparing for the first observation of particle trajectories for a whole week. In order to see these particles, we had to activate these electronic instruments In order to get the data at the right time, and we make it up to 40 millionths of a second. "
The 27-kilometer LHC accelerator and its four large-scale tests at the European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), together with 5,000 scientists from around the world, are currently on standby. This time the first particles were observed several weeks earlier than originally expected when the two particle beams first collided. The first batch of particle beams circulating around the entire circular tunnel is expected to start on September 10, when more than 200 journalists will go to the European Nuclear Research Organization to watch this scene.
Eduardo Rodrigues, research assistant at the LHCb team at Glasgow University and data quality coordinator for the LHCb vertex positioning detector, said: "I have been monitoring all aspects in real time so that we can observe particles passing through this The whole process of the detector. When we saw the particle trajectory clearly appear on the computer screen in the control room, I was very excited. "
Marco Gersabeck, a doctoral student at the University of Glasgow, said: "It succeeded! It provided me with a particle trajectory, and I adjusted the sensor's arrangement accuracy to a few millionths of a meter."
British scientists at the University of Glasgow and the University of Liverpool are the main force of the vertex positioning detector project. They design and install one module after another in the UK. The reconstruction software used to observe the trajectories of these particles was also written by British scientists. Nikhef mechanism provides mechanical, cooling and vacuum systems. In addition, other collaborators involved in the project include the Swiss Federal Institute of Technology Lausanne (EPFL), the European Organization for Nuclear Research, the University of Syracuse, Italy, Moscow State University, and the National University of Dublin, Ireland.
The LHCb electromagnetic calorimeter is a wall of 42 square meters composed of 3300 pieces, with scintillator, optical cable and lead on it. When the proton-proton collision starts in the Large Hadron Collider, the LHCb electromagnetic calorimeter will be used to measure the particle energy generated during the collision. Protons, electrons, and positrons will pass through the material layers in these modules, and their energy will be accumulated in this detector through the flow of particles.
Scientists observe the first particles in the world's largest colliderSquare Double Sided Light Box
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